Inzoga: ibyiza, ibibi, igipimo ntarengwa

Iyo tuvuga inzoga, tuba tuvuga ibinyobwa byose bisembuye, cyaba ikigage, urwagwa, primus, amstel, waragi, whisky,  ikibuti, kanyanga, yewemuntu, umurahanyoni, umumanurajipo n’izindi. Izi zose zihurira ku kuba zirimo alukolo, zigatandukanira ku gipimo cya alukolo irimo uko ingana.

. Igipimo cy'inzoga umuntu akwiye gufata

. Akamaro k'inzoga ku mubiri w'umuntu

. Ibibi by'inzoga ku mubiri

Muri iyi nkuru tugiye kurebera hamwe inzira inzoga inyura ukimara kuyinywa kugeza isohotse mu mubiri wawe tunarebere hamwe igipimo udakwiye kurenza ku munsi bitewe n’ubwoko wanyoye ndetse tunarebere hamwe ingaruka zo kurenza icyo gipimo. 

Ese inzoga igera ite mu maraso? (Absorption)

Iyo umaze kunywa inzoga, iyo igeze mu gifu 20% bya alukolo ibamo ariyo ethanol (soma etanolu); CH3CH2OH, bihita bijya mu maraso. Hanyuma 80% nibyo bijya mu maraso iyo inzoga igeze mu mara.

Umwanya bitwara kugirango ikwirakwire mu maraso biterwa n’impamvu zikurikira:

Umuvuduko uri kunyweraho. Iyo ugotomera inzoga nayo yihutira kujya mu maraso kuruta unywa buhoro

Ubwinshi bw’inzoga wanyoye. Ntabwo nunywa icupa rimwe uzaba nk’uwanyoye igaziye.

Ingano ya alukolo iri mu nzoga. Urugero nunywa primus (5% alcohol) ntuzaba nk’uwanyoye Bond 7 (40% alcohol).

Kuba inzoga ifite cyangwa idafite gas. (CO2). Inzoga twita rufuro zirukanka mu maraso kuruta liqueur.

Kuba wariye cg utariye. Iyo wariye bituma alukolo nyinshi itagera mu bwonko ahubwo igasohoka. Niyo mpamvu kunywa unarya bigabanya kuba wasinda.

Kuba hari imiti uri kunywa. Imiti imwe yihutisha ikwira ry’inzoga, indi igatuma itinda gukwira mu maraso. Niyo mpamvu atari byiza kunywa inzoga uri ku miti.

Ni gute alukolo ikwirakwizwa mu mubiri? (Distribution)

Ubusanzwe alukolo iba mu nzoga yivanga byihuse n’amavuta cyangwa ibinure kuruta uko yivanga n’amazi (liposoluble). Niyo mpamvu feri ya mbere ya alukolo ari mu bwonko. Kuko mu mubiri w’umuntu nicyo gice kigizwe n’ibinure byinshi.

Ni nayo mpamvu ingaruka mbi z’inzoga nyinshi uzibonera mu mikorere y’ubwonko:

Kudedemanga

Kutareba neza

Gucika intege mu ngingo

Guhubuka mu gufata imyanzuro bijyana no guseka ubusa kuri bamwe, umujinya ku bandi, kugurira nuwo utazi, n’ibindi

Itunganywa ite mbere yo gusohoka mu mubiri? (Metabolism)

Alukolo yo mu nzoga, ethanol (CH3CH2OH); iyungururirwa mu mwijima.

Iyo igeze mu mwijima, uyihinduramo acetaldehyde (soma asetalideyide); CH3CHO. Iyi ituma imitsi y’amaraso yaguka (dilatation) aribyo bitera kumva umunaniro, gucika intege no kuremera umutwe iyo wanyoye nyinshi. Tubizi nka hangover.

Mbere yo gusohoka mu mubiri ya acetaldehyde nayo ihindukamo acetate (soma asetate),CH3COO-,  imeze nka vinaigre, yo rero isohoka mu mubiri ku buryo bworoshye.

Ni gute isohoka mu mubiri? (Excretion)

Ethanol (alukolo yo mu nzoga) isohoka mu mubiri binyuze mu bihaha no mu mpyiko. Mu yandi magambo isohokera mu nkari, mu byuya, mu guhumeka (wongereho no gutura umubi). Uretse nka 8% bisohoka uko byakabaye, ubundi iyo unyoye ethanol mu mubiri hasohoka acetate.

Ese inzoga hari icyo imaze? 

Tutitaye ku myizerere ya buri umwe muri twe, muri rusange kunywa inzoga itarengeje urugero bigirira umubiri akamaro.

Ese inzoga itarengeje urugero ni ingana ite?

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragajeko kunywa mu rugero ari ukutarenza hagati ya 12g na 14g za alukolo gusa mu Buyapani ho kugeza kuri 18g ku munsi biremewe. Hari n’ibihugu bivuga kutarenza 10g, gusa imibare yo hagati ya 12 na 14 niyo rusange ku isi yose.

Ibi kugirango ubibare biroroshye.

Twibukeko ireme bwite rya ethanol (alcool iba mu nzoga) ari 0.789g/ml.

Biraboneka ko ukoze imibare uri busange ku munsi udakwiye kurenza hagati ya 9.5ml na 11ml za ethanol.

Bivuze iki rero?

Niba primus ifite 5% vol. Bivuzeko muri 100ml za primus harimo 5ml za ethanol.

Nukora imibare urasanga udakwiye kurenza hagati ya 190ml na 220ml za primus ku munsi. Urabona ko na petit primus uba warengeje igipimo kuko igira 330ml.

Urundi rugero ni V&A yo igira 20% vol. Ubwo muri 100ml zayo harimo 20ml za ethanol.

Kuri yo rero ku munsi ntugomba kurenza hagati ya 47.5ml na 55ml.

Twibutseko udakwiye kwitwaza ngo ntunywa buri munsi ngo maze aho uyinywereye urenze igipimo cy’umunsi. Oya. Ku munsi ntugomba kurenza kiriya gipimo waba unywa buri gihe cyangwa unywa gacye mu kwezi.

Iyo ubikurikije rero dore ibyiza:

Kuko alukolo ituma umubiri ukora cholesterol (soma koresiterolu) nziza, kunywa mu rugero bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara umutima.

Kunywa umaze cyangwa uri kurya byongerera umubiri ubudahangarwa bityo bigafasha kuramba.

Ubushakashatsi bwa vuba bwerekanye ko kunywa mu rugero byongera imbaraga n’ubushake mu gukora imibonano.

Kunywa ka divayi bigabanya 60% kuba warwara ibicurane.

Kunywa mu rugero bituma ubwonko bwongera imbaraga bityo bigafasha mu kukurinda kwibagirwa.

Byoza impyiko bityo bigafasha kurwanya indwara yo kuzana utubuye mu mpyiko (calcul renale/gallstones).

Bifasha mu kurwanya kuba warwara diyabete.

Twongereho ko inzoga ihuza abantu, mu birori n’amakwe.

Inzoga ni imfura ikanyobwa n’imfura

Kuko ibibi by’inzoga ari byo byinshi bitewe nuko inyobwa birenze ibyemewe, usanga ibi byiza byo kunywa mu rugero bipfukiranwa nuko tukarenza urugero maze ibibi bikaba aribyo bigaragara gusa.

Ni ibihe bibi by’inzoga?

Nubwo twabonyeko iyo zinyowe mu rugero ntacyo zangiza mu mubiri, iyo uyinyoye ukarenza igipimo cyemewe, igutera ibibazo haba mu mubiri no mu muryango.

Ikindi kandi uko unywa cyane niko igipimo cya alukolo mu maraso kigenda cyiyongera bityo mu mubiri bikagaragara mu buryo bungana n’igipimo wanyoye aho biva ku kugaragaza ibyishimo bidasanzwe, kudatekereza neza, kugeza ubwo haza coma ndetse n’urupfu rwaza bitewe n’igipimo ufite mu maraso.

Uyikura mu icupa ikagukura mu bagabo

Reka turebe mu mubiri ingaruka z’inzoga nyinshi kuko mu muryango no muri sosiyete muri rusange ingaruka zirigaragaza: imyiryane, gusesagura, impanuka, urugomo, …

Ku bwonko

Kunywa inzoga nyinshi bituma:

– Unanirwa gufata imyanzuro

– Ugira ikibazo cyo kureba neza

– Kudedemanga

– Ikibazo cyo mu ngingo: gususumira

Ku mutima

– Kubyimbagana k’umutima

– Umuvuduko udasanzwe w’amaraso

– Guteragura k’umutima ku buryo budasanzwe

– Gutera k’umutima inshuro nyinshi k’umunota

Ku gifu

– Bitera kubyimba inda ( kuzana nyakubahwa)

– Bitera kuruka kuko iyo inzoga ibaye nyinshi ihinduka uburozi

– Bitera ibibazo mu gifu

– Bishobora kugutera kanseri y’igifu

Ku mwijima

– Nkuko twabibonye, Kunywa nyinshi bitobagura umwijima:

– Zitera kubyimba k’umwijima (hepatite)

– Zitera kanseri y’umwijima

– Iyo kanseri ituma iyo ukomeretse amaraso adakama

– Kutabasha kuyungurura amaraso ngo zivanemo imyanda na mikorobe

– Kurwara diyabete

 Ku myororokere

– Inzoga nyinshi zituma ucika intege mu gukora imibonano

– Umwana uvutse ku basinzi nta bwenge buhagije agira (si kuri bose)

– Kubabara cyane uri mu mihango

– Kutiyobora mu bijyanye n’imibonano, bishobora gutuma uryamana nuwo ubonye wese utanikingiye

– Imihango iza uko yiboneye, igihe wayiteganyaga ntibe ariho iza

– Kuba watwitira inyuma y’umura (ectopic pregnancy)

Kunywa ugatwara ni ukwica amategeko no gushyira ubuzima mu kaga

Muri macye ibyo nibyo byakubaho mu gihe unywa ukarenza urugero.