Tito Rutaremara yasobanuye uko byagengenze ngo abari abavandimwe bishore muri Jenoside

Mu nkuru yanditse abinyujije ku kinyamakuru Igihe yagize ati "Mu minsi ishize twaganiriye ku biragano (generations) byagiye biranga urubyiruko rw’u Rwanda guhera mu gihe cy’ubukoloni kugeza ubu n’intego babaga bafite n’uko bagiye bazishyira mu bikorwa.

Hari ikibazo kinini twagezeho aho abantu bibazaga uko igice kimwe cy’Abanyarwanda (Abahutu) cyageze aho kwica Abatutsi benshi hamwe n’abandi bitwaga ibyitso n'ubwo intego nyamukuru yari ukumaraho Abatutsi.

Hibajijwe cyane ku cyabiteye kuko mu bihe byo hambere wasangaga Abanyarwanda bari hamwe yewe no mu gihe cyo guhunga ugasanga abandi bafasha umuntu kumwereka aho yanyura, abandi bakakubikira ibintu bakazabikuzanira, abandi bakakuburira ariko mu gihe cya Jenoside nyirizina, ababikoze ni bake ugereranyije no mu 1959.

Ibi rero no mu Rwanda byigishirijwe ku ishyiga abana bakabwirwa ko impamvu bagiye birukana Abatutsi ari uko ari abantu babi kugeza n’aho babita Inyenzi n’ingegera.

Babuzaga abana kujya hanze nijoro bati “mwijya hanze mudahura na za ngegera z’Inyenzi zikabagirira nabi”. Kubiba uru rwango byanatijwe umurindi na leta ubwayo guhera mu mashuri abanza ku buryo bahagurutsaga abana babavangura. Icyo gihe Abana b’Abahutu babaga baratojwe kuzomera ab’Abatutsi n’ibindi bikorwa bibi byinshi byatumaga urwango babagiriraga rurushaho gukura muri bo.

Muri uko kubiba urwango niho havuye ibyo kubeshya bavuga ngo iyo Umwamikazi Kanjogera yashakaga guhaguruka yahagurukiraga ku Muhutu! Hakumvikanishwa ukuntu Abahutu babaga ari abagaragu b’Abatutsi ku buryo ngo banikorezwaga inzoga z’Abatutsi ariko bagira inyota bakanywa amazi hanyuma Abatutsi bo bagira inyota bagahabwa kuri izo nzoga bikorerewe n’Abahutu.

Inyigisho zo kubiba urwango mu bana zanakomerezaga mu mashuri yisumbuye, bakabwirwa ko ingoma z’Abatutsi zakandamije Abahutu cyane maze uru rwango mu bana rutangira gukura ku buryo nk’abana b’Abahutu bagiye batangira kwanga gukundana n’Abatutsi.

Nko mu 1973, ntabwo ari abaturage bajyaga hirya no hino kwica, akenshi byakorwaga n’abo banyeshuri bo mu mashuri yisumbuye, bakava mu ishuri rimwe bakajya kwica abo mu rindi.

Muri kaminuza ho bigishwaga ibijyanye n’Ubuhake bakabwirwa ko kwari ukwica Abatutsi bari bahatse Abahutu bakajya babaheka, uwo bashatse bakamwica ku buryo hari n’ibitabo byo muri Kaminuza byagiye byandikwa kuri iyi ngingo.

Urwango rwarakuze kugeza ubwo hari abanyeshuri muri Kaminuza bandikiraga Perezida Kayibanda bamusaba kwirukana abanyeshuri b’Abatutsi kugeza mu 1973 ubwo abanyeshuri ari bo biyiciraga abandi.

Ibyo byose ni byo byagiye byinjira muri abo bana kandi nyuma bagiye banavamo abategetsi nka bariya ba Jean Bosco Barayagwiza, bakora za PARMEHUTU na za CDR bafatanyije n’abandi.

Nko mu 1986, MRND yagize inama ngo impunzi ziri hanze zitahuke ariko barabyanga bavuga ko u Rwanda ari ruto icyakora icyo gihe baravugaga bati “Ufite icyo akora aze”, aha babaga bavuga ko ufite amafaranga wenyine ari we waza.

Mu kinyamakuru Jeune Afrique ni ho bigeze kubaza Perezida Habyarimana kuri iki kibazo maze asubiza agira ati “Erega igihugu cyaruzuye n’iyo hakiyongeraho igitonyanga ibintu byasesekara bigapfa.” Iyi mvugo yagiye inacengera mu bandi banyarwanda imera nk’ihame.

Aha bamwe bibazaga impamvu ibyo bivugwa kandi hari ibice binini bidatuwe haba mu Akagera, Ibirunga na Gishwati hibazwa niba inyamaswa zihaba ziruta abantu ariko bagasubizwa ko zinjiza amadovize.

Rwa rwango rwarakuze ku buryo nko ku wa 1 Ukwakira 1990 ubwo hatangiraga urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu, tariki ya 4 uko kwezi bafashe Abatutsi bose hamwe n’Abahutu batemeraga iyo mitegekere barabafunga, bavuga ngo abo si abantu. Icyo gihe abo mu Mutara, Komini Murambi n’Abagogwe barishwe bazira ko ari Abatutsi.

Abaturage babaga babwirwa ko Abatutsi atari Abanyarwanda kugeza ubwo n’abanyabwenge bize nka ba Dr. Mugesera bavugaga bati “Mubanyuze muri Nyabarongo basubire iwabo muri Ethiopia.”

Ubutegetsi bw’icyo gihe bwumvaga Abatutsi bavaho bagashira burundu. Leta ya Habyarimana yashyizeho amashyaka, itangiza ubukangurambaga inategura ababucengeza mu bantu kugeza ubwo byanagejejwe mu baturage hifashishijwe abo bakangurambaga, za Radio, ibinyamakuru kugeza no mu madini maze ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside icengezwa mu bantu ndetse hanatangira gukorwa intonde z’abagomba kwicwa.

Iri cengezamatwara ryarakuze bagera aho bazana gahunda ya HUTU Power yari igamije gusenya andi mashyaka yose hagasigara abibumbiye muri icyo kintu kigamije kumaraho Abatutsi n’abahutu bake babaga badashyigikiye iyo ngengabitekerezo mbi.

Jenoside rero yari yaratangiye gahoro gahoro ku buryo na Habyarimana yabwirwaga ko abantu bishwe mu Bugesera akavuga ati “nyabuneka muhagarare”, nyuma yabwirwa ko Abatutsi bishwe mu Kibilira na Nyamata, ati “buriya Abahutu bari barakaye.”

Ibihugu byashyize igitutu kuri Habyarimana bimusaba kujya gusinya mu masezerano ya Arusha muri Tanzania abanza no kubyanga ariko biza kurangira abisinye nuko ba Bagosora baramurasa [Mu ndege] noneho ya Jenoside yajyaga yakorwaga agace agace barayirambura.

Ntibazakubeshye ngo Jenoside ntiyari yarateguwe kuko wasangaga intonde z’Abatutsi bagomba kuzicwa zimanitse muri za komine. Ikindi mu ijoro Habyarimana yarashwemo, hagiyeho za bariyeri zirenga 10, none se abaturage babwiwe n’iki kuvuga bati “Reka dushyireho bariyeri kandi izo bariyeri zari zigamije kubuza Abatutsi kugenda?”

Ahandi hose mu Rwanda uretse mu majyepfo, izo bariyeri zahise zishyirwaho zigamije kubuza Abatutsi guhunga ku buryo banahise batangira guhigwa hifashishijwe imbwa.

Byose rero bigaragaza ko atari ikintu cyabayeho umunsi umwe ahubwo byari byarateguwe kera kubera ko n’ahantu hagombaga guhita hashyirwa za bariyeri hari hazwi.

Jenoside rero yari yarateguwe mu buryo bwa gihanga kandi ni nabwo yakozwemo ku buryo buri wese yabaga azi icyo azakora kandi gahunda kwari ukumaraho Abatutsi nuko bamwe bagiye barokorwa n’Abahutu bake beza, abandi ugasanga babonye Umututsi ahunze nubwo batamurokora ariko bakanga kumuhururiza ngo yicwe.

Abandi batutsi bake bagiye barokorwa no kujya kwihisha mu bihuru kuko abahungiraga mu nsengero na za Kiliziya bo babaga bari korohereza ababica batabizi kuko babaga bari kwiyegeranya ari na yo mpamvu yatumaga uwabaga ari kwerekeza ku rusengero cyangwa kuri Kiliziya, bariyeri itamukumiraga kuko ababaga baziriho babaga bazi ikiri bukurikireho.

Amezi ya mbere ya Mata na Gicurasi nibwo hishwe Abatutsi benshi uretse mu Majyepfo byatangiye bitinze. Jenoside yo mu Rwanda ntiyakozwe n’abasirikare ba leta gusa nubwo bakundaga kwiyambazwa aho rukomeye aho Abatutsi bageragezaga kwirwanaho. Mu buryo bwagutse ni Jenoside yakozwe n’abaturage ku nkunga y’ibikoresho n’imyitozo byari byaratanzwe na leta.

Igihe cya Jenoside, abicanyi babikoraga nk’akazi kuko barabizindukiraga bakajya kuruhuka ku mugoroba nyuma ya saa kumi n’ebyiri, bakarya ibyo kurya batekesheje intebe n’ibindi bikoresho byo mu nzu z’Abatutsi bishwe ndetse bakanakurikirana Radio RTLM bikabafasha kugenda bamenya Abatutsi bataricwa.

Buri mugoroba habagaho uko guhura hagategurwa umunsi ukurikiyeho, ahazakenerwa ubufasha bwa gisirikare n’abajandarume hakamenyekana ku buryo imigambi y’umunsi ukurikiyeho yose izakorwa nta nkomyi.

Muri za Kiliziya hiciwe benshi hakoreshejwe za gerenade zanyuzwaga hejuru nyuma hakaba hari abantu bateguwe bajya kunogonora abatapfuye ndetse nyuma hakanaterwamo urusenda kugira ngo bumve ko hari uwitsamura bamenye ko atahwanye na we bamunogonore.

Hari abayobozi ba za Secteurs (imirenge) bangaga kwica abantu cyangwa se gushishikariza abaturage kwica, ugasanga hoherejweyo abandi bicanyi bamaze gucengerwa n’ingengabitekerezo bashyizwemo bakavanaho wa muyobozi uri gutinza igikorwa cyangwa na we bakamwica bakabona gukomerezaho abandi Batutsi.

Nka Burugumesitiri wa Komini Giti [Byumba] yanze kujya muri uwo murongo wo kwica, ku bw’amahirwe ingabo za RPA zihagera vuba mu minsi itatu bituma abantu baho babasha kurokoka ariko na bwo iyo ingabo za RPA zitahagera uwo Burugumesitiri yashoboraga kugamburuzwa cyangwa hakanoherezwa abanya-Murambi bakaza bagakora ibyo abo muri Giti banze gukora.

Rero abana bafite ababyeyi bahakana Jenoside bajye bababaza bati “Aha nta batutsi bari bahatuye?” Ababyeyi ntibazahakana kuko bazibwira ko umwana abibajije afiteho amakuru bityo bizatuma umwana ahamenyera amateka amenye ko hari hatuye Abatutsi kandi bakaba barishwe bazize ubwoko bwabo.

Nibura muri iki gihe ibintu by’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside ntabwo abana bakibyigishwa mu mashuri ndetse no ku ishyiga, ubu ababyeyi basigaye batinya kubihababwirira kuko bagira impungenge y’uko abana babatamaza bageze mu bandi ku ishuri.

Ikintu kibangamye ni izi mbuga nkoranyambaga abana bashobora kuvomaho iyo ngengabitekerezo. Amahirwe ni uko haba hanariyo ibivuguruza ibiba byavuzwe n’abo bahakana bakanapfobya Jenoside ku buryo umwana na we ashobora kwibonera umurongo muzima.

Kuba umwana asigaye ajyanwa ku ishuri afite imyaka itatu cyangwa ine nta handi hantu apfa kongera guhurira n’iyo ngengabitekerezo kuko bitigishwa mu mashuri ku buryo abana na bo bagenda basobanukirwa bakaba banakwibaza ibibazo kandi bakabyisubiza. Ubu bazi icyo gahunda ya ‘Ndi Umunyarwanda’ ari cyo ku buryo atapfa kugera mu rugo atashye ngo umubyeyi yoroherwe no kumutsindagiramo ya ngengabitekerezo.